Human givens (HG) therapy is a scientifically informed, integrative approach to mental health treatment that recognizes all humans share certain innate physical and emotional needs essential for psychological well-being. When these fundamental needs go unmet, individuals become vulnerable to stress, anxiety, depression, and other mental health concerns.
This evidence-based therapy has gained significant recognition, with recent research from King's College London (2025) demonstrating its effectiveness for treating PTSD and other conditions. The approach is now formally recognized under SCoPEd (the competence framework for counselling and psychotherapy in the UK), placing HG therapy alongside other leading evidence-based approaches.
Table of Contents
- History and Development
- Core Principles of Human Givens
- The Nine Emotional Needs
- How Does Human Givens Therapy Work?
- Research and Evidence Base
- Conditions Treated
- What to Expect in HG Therapy
- Training and Certification
- Finding a Human Givens Therapist
- Frequently Asked Questions
- How Therapy Can Help
History and Development
Human givens therapy emerged from extensive research into what makes psychotherapy effective. Ivan Tyrrell and Joe Griffin founded the European Therapy Studies Institute (ETSI) in 1992 to identify common factors across successful therapeutic approaches. Their goal was to develop an integrated, scientifically grounded model of mental health care that drew from the most effective elements of existing therapies.
The approach evolved through several key milestones:
- 1996: Tyrrell established MindFields College, offering mobile training in emerging psychotherapy research
- 1997: The term "human givens" was formally adopted to describe the approach's core principles
- 2001: The Human Givens Institute (HGI) was established as the professional body
- 2003: Publication of the seminal book Human Givens: A New Approach to Emotional Health and Clear Thinking
- 2004: The Human Givens Foundation was created as a UK charity to promote research and education
- 2010: Human Givens College was established to provide comprehensive training programs
- 2023: HG therapy gained formal recognition under the SCoPEd framework for UK counselling and psychotherapy
The approach continues to evolve, incorporating new neuroscientific findings and research evidence while maintaining its core focus on meeting essential human needs.
Core Principles of Human Givens
The human givens approach is built on several foundational principles supported by modern neuroscience and psychology:
1. Innate Needs and Resources
All humans are born with a set of innate physical and emotional needs, along with innate resources to help meet those needs. Just as we need food, water, and shelter for physical survival, we have essential emotional needs that must be fulfilled for psychological health.
2. Connection to Self-Determination Theory
Research by Edward Deci and Richard Ryan at the University of Rochester developed self-determination theory, which identifies three core motivational forces: autonomy, competence, and relatedness. The human givens framework's nine emotional needs map directly onto these three fundamental groups.
3. Evidence from Neuroscience
Since Maslow's hierarchy of needs, significant research has clarified what humans need for mental health and happiness, with modern neuroscience refining our understanding of these requirements.
4. Pattern-Matching Brain
Humans are pattern-matching creatures who make sense of the world through recognizing patterns and using metaphors. This understanding informs how HG therapy uses guided imagery, storytelling, and reframing techniques.
The Nine Emotional Needs
The human givens approach identifies nine fundamental emotional needs:
1. Security
- A sense of safety and security in one's environment
- Safe territory where one can develop without excessive fear
- Protection from physical and emotional harm
2. Autonomy and Control
- A sense of autonomy over one's life
- The ability to make choices and influence outcomes
- Freedom from excessive constraints or control by others
3. Status
- Being accepted and valued in social groups
- Having a recognized role or position
- Feeling respected by peers and community
4. Privacy
- Time and space for reflection
- Opportunity to consolidate experiences
- Freedom from constant intrusion or observation
5. Attention
- Both giving and receiving quality attention
- Being seen and heard by others
- Contributing attention to others' needs
6. Connection to Community
- Interaction with a larger group
- Sense of belonging and being part of something greater
- Shared identity and purpose with others
7. Intimacy
- Close emotional connections with others
- Friendship, love, and companionship
- Opportunities for fun and shared enjoyment
8. Competence and Achievement
- Sense of personal capability
- Mastery of skills and abilities
- Meeting life's challenges successfully
9. Meaning and Purpose
- Overall sense of life direction
- Connection to something larger than oneself
- Understanding one's role and contribution
How Does Human Givens Therapy Work?
Integrative Approach
Human givens therapy draws on several evidence-based psychotherapeutic models, including cognitive behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing, psychoeducation, interpersonal therapy, and specialized trauma techniques like the Rewind Technique.
Assessment Process
Therapists begin by using tools like the Emotional Needs Audit (ENA) to identify which needs are not being adequately met. This validated assessment tool helps locate potential problems and areas of distress in a person's life.
Three Contexts of Psychological Distress
According to HG theory, mental health problems arise when:
1. Environmental factors prevent needs from being met (toxic relationships, poverty, unsafe living conditions)
2. Conditioning or past experiences create unhelpful patterns that block need fulfillment
3. Lack of skills or knowledge prevents effective strategies for meeting needs
Therapeutic Techniques
HG therapists employ various evidence-based techniques:
- Guided imagery for rehearsing new behaviors and perspectives
- The Rewind Technique for trauma and phobia treatment
- Psychoeducation about brain function and emotional needs
- Solution-focused strategies for practical problem-solving
- Relaxation and self-regulation techniques
- Metaphor and storytelling to facilitate understanding and change
Research and Evidence Base
Recent Major Studies
2025 King's College London Study
Researchers from King's College London published findings comparing PTSD Resolution's HG therapy outcomes with NHS services, using NICE's stringent requirements for real-world evidence. Key findings include:
- 82% treatment completion rate, significantly higher than the ~55% NHS average
- 79% of clients with anxiety and depression showed reliable improvement, outperforming the NHS average of 67-68%
- 72% of probable PTSD cases experienced reliable improvement
- Treatment outcomes were comparable to standard clinical benchmarks with improvements sustained over time
2022 Systematic Review
A Turkish systematic review examined HG therapy's effectiveness, representing the first comprehensive review in that country, analyzing nine studies that demonstrated positive outcomes.
Practice-Based Evidence
A five-year evaluation using a practice research network included 3,885 people treated by 46 therapists at multiple UK sites, showing significant improvements from moderate to normal range on standardized measures.
NICE Recognition
HG therapy meets NICE's stringent new requirements for real-world evidence, with findings actively promoted as effective treatment for PTSD and trauma.
Conditions Treated
Human givens therapy has demonstrated effectiveness for a wide range of mental health conditions:
Primary Applications
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - particularly in veterans and first responders
- Depression - from mild to moderate severity
- Anxiety disorders - including generalized anxiety, panic disorder, and social anxiety
- Phobias - using the Rewind Technique for rapid resolution
- Addiction - addressing underlying unmet needs
- Anger management - developing emotional regulation skills
Specialized Populations
- Adolescents with anxiety, depression, and low self-concept
- Individuals with learning difficulties requiring adapted therapeutic approaches
- Veterans and military personnel with combat-related trauma
- Individuals experiencing grief and bereavement
- People with chronic pain conditions
Workplace Applications
- Burnout and workplace stress
- Performance anxiety
- Team dynamics and communication
- Leadership development
What to Expect in HG Therapy
Initial Assessment
Your first session typically involves:
- Completion of the Emotional Needs Audit
- Discussion of current symptoms and life circumstances
- Identification of unmet needs
- Collaborative goal-setting
Treatment Duration
HG therapy is designed to be brief and effective, with an average of six sessions. Many clients experience significant improvement within 3-6 sessions, though complex cases may require longer treatment.
Session Structure
Typical sessions include:
- Review of progress since last meeting
- Psychoeducation about relevant brain processes
- Practice of new techniques or skills
- Guided imagery exercises
- Homework assignments for real-world application
- Planning next steps
Therapeutic Relationship
HG therapists take an active, collaborative approach, serving as coaches and educators rather than passive listeners. They provide practical tools and strategies while respecting client autonomy and choice.
Training and Certification
Professional Training Pathway
The HG Diploma Program
The Human Givens Diploma is a nationally recognized qualification in psychotherapy and counselling, specifically referenced within the SCoPEd framework. The program consists of three parts:
Part 1: Foundation Training
Includes 90 hours of guided learning plus ~180 hours of self-directed study
- Eight online courses covering core concepts
- Ten in-person workshops for skill development
- No prior application required - open enrollment
Part 2: Practitioner Development
Intensive training with supervised practice, must be completed within 24 months of Part 1
- Two-week intensive course
- Integration of knowledge and skills
- Supervised client work
Part 3: Advanced Practitioner
Final qualification level with ~45 hours guided learning plus ~50 hours self-directed study
- Demonstration of competency through live sessions
- Viva examination
- Personal development planning
Professional Registration
Graduates can apply for registration with HGI and appear on the public register, which is accredited by the UK's Professional Standards Authority for Health and Social Care (PSA).
International Training
HG training is expanding internationally, with diploma courses now offered in the USA and other countries through a combination of in-person and online delivery.
Continuing Professional Development
- Regular supervision requirements
- Ongoing training opportunities
- Annual conferences and workshops
- Peer support networks
Finding a Human Givens Therapist
Professional Standards
When seeking an HG therapist, look for:
- Registration with the Human Givens Institute
- PSA-accredited status
- Appropriate supervision arrangements
- Commitment to outcome measurement
- Clear ethical guidelines
What to Ask a Potential Therapist
- What is your experience with my specific concern?
- How many sessions do you typically recommend?
- Do you use outcome measures to track progress?
- What is your supervision arrangement?
- What are your fees and cancellation policies?
Frequently Asked Questions
Is human givens therapy evidence-based?
Yes, HG therapy has a growing evidence base. Since its first independent review in 2008, the approach has consistently demonstrated strong outcomes, with recent large-scale studies and a King's College London review showing it delivers reliable improvements that meet or exceed clinical benchmarks.
How is HG different from other therapies?
HG therapy is integrative, drawing from multiple evidence-based approaches while organizing treatment around meeting fundamental human needs. It emphasizes practical, rapid change rather than lengthy exploration of the past. The focus on innate needs provides a clear framework that clients find easy to understand and apply.
How long does treatment typically take?
Most clients complete therapy in an average of six sessions, though this varies based on individual needs and complexity. The approach emphasizes efficiency and helping people move forward as quickly as possible.
Is HG therapy suitable for severe mental health conditions?
While HG therapy is effective for many conditions, severe mental health issues like psychosis or severe depression may require additional medical support. HG therapists work within their competence and collaborate with other professionals when needed.
Can I combine HG therapy with other treatments?
Yes, many people successfully combine HG therapy with medication, other therapeutic approaches, or complementary treatments. Your therapist can discuss how to integrate different approaches effectively.
Is online HG therapy available?
Yes, many HG therapists offer online sessions, which research shows can be as effective as in-person therapy for many conditions. PTSD Resolution successfully pioneered online delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic and continues to offer this option.
How Therapy Can Help
Human givens therapy offers a practical, needs-based approach to overcoming emotional distress and building a fulfilling life. By identifying and addressing unmet emotional needs, individuals can:
- Develop effective coping strategies
- Build stronger relationships
- Increase resilience to stress
- Find greater meaning and purpose
- Achieve lasting positive change
If you're struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma, or other mental health concerns, a qualified human givens therapist can help you identify which of your emotional needs aren't being met and develop practical strategies to address them.
Find a Therapist
Ready to explore how human givens therapy can help you? Use the GoodTherapy directory to find qualified mental health professionals in your area who can support your journey toward better mental health and well-being.
References:
- Adams, S., Allan, S., Rogers, K., & Hall, B. (2019). Human givens therapy for trauma recovery: A practice-based study. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 32(4), 512-521.
- Andrews, W. P., Wislocki, A. P., Short, F., Chow, D., & Minami, T. (2013). A five-year evaluation of the human givens therapy using a practice research network. Mental Health Review Journal, 18(3), 165-176. https://doi.org/10.1108/mhrj-04-2013-0011
- Attwood, S., & Atkinson, C. (2020). Supporting a post-16 student with learning difficulties using Human Givens therapy. Educational and Child Psychology, 37(1), 45-58.
- Burdett, H., & Greenberg, N. (2019). Service evaluation of a Human Givens Therapy service for veterans. Occupational Medicine, 69(8-9), 586-592. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqz045
- Culham, B. (2017). The emotional needs scale: Research validating human givens psychology. Human Givens Institute. Retrieved from https://www.hgi.org.uk/resources/delve-our-extensive-library/resources-and-techniques/emotional-needs-scale
- Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The "what" and "why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227-268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
- Griffin, J., & Tyrrell, I. (2003). Human givens: A new approach to emotional health and clear thinking. HG Publishing.
- Güneş, S. C., & Özmen, O. (2022). A systematic review study on Human Givens therapy's effectiveness. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 14(2), 276-283. https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1000785
- Hall, C. E., & Greenberg, N. (2025). A service evaluation of PTSD Resolution therapy for military veterans. Occupational Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqaf012
- Human Givens College. (2025). Professional training courses. Retrieved from https://www.humangivens.com/college/all-courses/
- Human Givens Institute. (2025). About human givens. Retrieved from https://www.hgi.org.uk/
- Human Givens Institute. (2025). Becoming a Human Givens therapist: Qualification and registration process. Retrieved from https://www.hgi.org.uk/training/hg-diploma
- Professional Standards Authority. (2024). Human Givens Institute professional register. PSA Accredited Register. Retrieved from https://www.professionalstandards.org.uk/
- SCoPEd. (2023). The competence framework for counselling and psychotherapy. Retrieved from https://www.bacp.co.uk/events-and-resources/ethics-and-standards/competences-and-curricula/scoped-framework/
- Winn, D. (2023, July). How we know that Human Givens therapy works. Psychology Today. Retrieved from https://www.humangivens.com/2023/07/11/how-we-know-human-givens-therapy-works/
