
{"id":34225,"date":"2017-03-13T06:00:27","date_gmt":"2017-03-13T13:00:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/?p=34225"},"modified":"2017-03-09T09:51:49","modified_gmt":"2017-03-09T17:51:49","slug":"why-do-i-do-that-the-silent-sway-of-the-threat-response","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/why-do-i-do-that-silent-sway-of-threat-response-0313174","title":{"rendered":"\u2018Why Do I Do That?\u2019 The Silent Sway of the Threat Response"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-34237\" src=\"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/head-in-hands-station-e1489081743798-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Young adult in jeans and hoodie sits against station wall, hands covering face, knees up to chest\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/head-in-hands-station-e1489081743798-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/head-in-hands-station-e1489081743798.jpg 724w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>Humans are complex creatures. We operate on many levels simultaneously, and not all of these levels are in our conscious awareness. Therein lies the potential for internal conflict, which can sometimes feel impossible to resolve. We may not even be clear on what is causing the internal conflict in the first place:<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cWhy do I get so angry?\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cDarn it, why can\u2019t I sleep? I have to get up in four hours and I\u2019m going to be exhausted!\u201d <\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cWhy can\u2019t I stand up to her? I argue with her in my head all the time, yet when she\u2019s actually there, I just can\u2019t stick up for myself.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cI know it\u2019s dangerous to tailgate; why do I do it?\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cThere I go, overreacting (or under-reacting) again!\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"content-fatwidget align-right\">\n\t<h2><a href=\"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/find-therapist.html\" target=\"_blank\">Find a Therapist<\/a><\/h2>\n\t<form action=\"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/search-redirect.html\" method=\"get\">\n\n\t\t\t<input required name=\"search[zipcode]\" placeholder=\"Enter ZIP or City\" class=\"inline-input\" type=\"text\" \/>\n\n\n\t\t\t<input type=\"submit\" name=\"TOS agreement\" value=\" \" class=\"inline-btn\" title=\"Search\" onclick=\"ga('send', 'event', 'FAT Widget', 'Submit Search', 'Sidebar', {nonInteraction: true});\" \/>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/advanced-search.html\" title=\"Advanced Search\" onclick=\"ga('send', 'event', 'FAT Widget', 'Advanced Search', 'Sidebar', {nonInteraction: true});\" >Advanced Search<\/a>\n\t<\/form>\n<\/div>\n<p>These internal battles are difficult to fight. They can create a profound lack of trust in ourselves. Exasperated, we might shrug and say \u201cit\u2019s just my personality\u201d or \u201cit\u2019s genetic; my father was just like that.\u201d These statements create an air of inevitability, as though we\u2019re just going to have to learn to live with this aspect of ourselves. I\u2019ve noticed \u201cgenetics\u201d is a favorite fallback for when we don\u2019t understand the threat response cycle, or the formerly adaptive learning that now contributes to our self-created troubles.<\/p>\n<p>Of course, every person is unique. We all have cultural, familial, genetic, and individual components of our characters and behaviors, as well as unique histories. In this article, we are looking at a major portion of the equation that is often overlooked: the underlying psychophysiological (mind-body) \u201cengine\u201d that drives these responses. If the cortex (our \u201cthinking brain\u201d) is the road map, then the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/psychpedia\/autonomic-nervous-system\">autonomic nervous system<\/a> is the engine. (Might I note few cars go to the mechanic for GPS problems!)<\/p>\n<p>According to Dr. Stephen Porges, the human nervous system essentially has the following \u201cgears\u201d available to it:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>social engagement (includes interaction with others as well as being in peaceful, relaxed alone time)<\/li>\n<li>fight, flight (experienced as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/learn-about-therapy\/issues\/anger\">anger<\/a>\/<a href=\"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/learn-about-therapy\/issues\/fear\">fear<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>freeze<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>All of these gears are responses to the environment and are designed to help ensure our survival.<\/p>\n<p>Unlike a car\u2019s gears, these human \u201cgears\u201d aren\u2019t mutually exclusive. We can be primarily in social engagement, but feel the beginnings of the fight response begin to stir within us. Or we may be mostly frozen and immobile, but feel <a href=\"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/learn-about-therapy\/issues\/anxiety\">anxiety<\/a> (flight) creeping up.<\/p>\n<p>If we are in a safe and generally supportive environment, the healthy, well-balanced nervous system is in social engagement most of the time. In other words, it\u2019s not wasting precious life energy by revving up into anxiety or anger when there is nothing actually threatening at the moment.<\/p>\n<p>If something does start to go wrong in the social environment, a well-balanced nervous system will go to that social engagement option first: it tries to solve problems via discussion or negotiation, not jumping right into <a href=\"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/psychpedia\/fight-or-flight\">fight or flight<\/a>. It uses exactly as much fight\/flight\/freeze as the situation warrants, and no more. All four responses are freely available, and our automatic perception of safety\/threat, called neuroception, makes a snap judgment about which one to go to.<\/p>\n<p>However, our previous learning comes into play. Our system goes to what has worked in the past, and it avoids what hasn\u2019t worked. So if you grew up with a very angry parent, when you encounter <a href=\"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/learn-about-therapy\/issues\/stress\">stress<\/a> as an adult, you might:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>freeze, and that\u2019s the only response available; or<\/li>\n<li>shift into too much anxiety or anger for the current situation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Your automatic, default response in any given situation depends on what your autonomic nervous system found most helpful in previous situations of high stress.<\/p>\n<p>Implicit in this model is the fact the more we drop out of social engagement and into a threat response, the more our survival energy is running the show and the more our frontal cortex (reasoning, socialization) goes offline. This explains why, under stress, we can engage in behaviors we really disagree with later.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"popout-quote-left\" style=\"font-weight: bold; width: 30%; float: left;\">The freeze response is closely related to tonic immobility, a state in which the body becomes motionless (like a possum). It\u2019s also related to dissociation (disconnecting from one or more aspects of our experience). When it becomes chronic, it is also closely related to depression.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Let\u2019s take a moment to focus on the freeze response, which generally tends to be the least understood of all of our \u201cgears.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The freeze response is closely related to tonic immobility, a state in which the body becomes motionless (like a possum). It\u2019s also related to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/learn-about-therapy\/issues\/dissociation\">dissociation<\/a> (disconnecting from one or more aspects of our experience). When it becomes chronic, it is also closely related to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/learn-about-therapy\/issues\/depression\">depression<\/a>. The freeze response comes up when the organism decides whatever is facing it is overwhelming, <em>too much<\/em> to cope with. Fight or flight won\u2019t work. Therefore, it \u201cdecides\u201d the best strategy is to hold still, be uninteresting, and see if the threat passes. Young children, who lack capacity for fighting or running away, are particularly prone to getting stuck in the freeze response.<\/p>\n<p>In terms of self-regulation, the freeze response arises when the charge in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/psychpedia\/sympathetic-nervous-system\">sympathetic nervous system<\/a> climbs too high (fight\/flight isn\u2019t working!) and thus the parasympathetic activates at the same time, effectively buffering the high SNS charge. (For explanation of fight, flight, and freeze charges, please refer to my previous <a href=\"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/biology-of-calm-how-downregulation-promotes-well-being-1027164\">article<\/a>.) People in freeze response look like they\u2019re in a low-energy state, but it\u2019s really a well-camouflaged high-energy state. It\u2019s very costly to the body, especially when it sticks around longer than it needs to. And the nervous system can be slow to come out of this state.<\/p>\n<p>None of these responses are a conscious choice. Many police officers, firefighters, and other <a href=\"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/learn-about-therapy\/issues\/first-responder-issues\">first responders<\/a> feel guilty when they freeze under stress, but it is neither their fault nor under their control. It\u2019s been my consistent experience that these states can indeed be re-regulated, at least partially, so the autonomic nervous system adopts a healthier balance and more adaptive responses. This happens over time, with consistent work, and you have to be able to \u201cspeak reptile brain\u201d\u2014that is, know how to access and work with the unconscious part of the body-mind. I have generally not found it effective to work with these states via cognition alone, because cognition becomes unavailable under high-stress states. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/learn-about-therapy\/types\/somatic-psychotherapy\">Somatically oriented psychotherapy<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/learn-about-therapy\/types\/yoga-therapy\">yoga<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/learn-about-therapy\/types\/art-therapy\">art therapy<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/learn-about-therapy\/types\/psychodrama\">psychodrama<\/a> are among the solutions many have found helpful when wrestling with the question of how to bridge the gaps within.<\/p>\n<p><strong>References:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Arnsten, A.F., Raskind, M.A., Taylor, F.B., and Connor, D.F. (2014). The Effects of Stress Exposure on Prefrontal Cortex: Translating Basic Research into Successful Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. <em>Neurobiology of Stress<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/journal\/23522895\/1\/supp\/C\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vol. 1<\/a>, January 2015, p. 89-99. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2352289514000101<\/li>\n<li>Porges, S. W. (2011). <em>The Polyvagal Theory: Neurophysiological Foundations of Emotions, Attachment, Communication, and Self-Regulation<\/em>. New York, NY: W.W. Norton and Company.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The human nervous system essentially has four \u201cgears\u201d: social engagement, fight, flight, and freeze. Learn how they operate in times of internal conflict.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3022,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[542,623],"tags":[659,658,226],"class_list":["post-34225","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-featured-articles","category-issues-treated","tag-fight-or-flight","tag-nervous-system","tag-posttraumatic-stress"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34225","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3022"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34225"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34225\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34225"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34225"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34225"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}