{"id":30416,"date":"2016-01-28T06:00:17","date_gmt":"2016-01-28T14:00:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/?p=30416"},"modified":"2019-12-10T12:34:43","modified_gmt":"2019-12-10T20:34:43","slug":"like-mother-like-daughter-whose-anxiety-is-it-anyway","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/like-mother-like-daughter-whose-anxiety-is-it-anyway-0128164","title":{"rendered":"Like Mother, Like Daughter: Whose Anxiety Is It, Anyway?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Mother<\/a>While new parents frequently seek the \u00e2\u20ac\u0153right way\u00e2\u20ac\u009d to parent, there is no one rule book. Rather, there are many, often contradictory, guides to parenting<\/a>. The lack of certainty about how to raise and care for a child can create intense anxiety for a new parent. Some learn, soon enough, that they will figure out how to be good enough parents. Others never lose an overwhelming anxiety that each decision could have life-or-death consequences. The communication of high levels of parental anxiety frequently results in children whose anxiety controls, limits, and shapes their relationships to the world.<\/p>\n

Anxiety<\/a> is an internal state that is communicated in a variety of ways. The anxious mother holding her baby can unconsciously communicate her inner agitation through her body tension and facial expressions. The young child may sense a parent\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s anxiety in the parent’s\u00c2\u00a0frantic behavior or speech.<\/p>\n

Eventually the child becomes old enough to be the recipient of clear expressions of anxiety in the parent\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s verbal communications. The child can experience the parent\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s anxiety when told, \u00e2\u20ac\u0153No, honey, you\u00e2\u20ac\u2122re not old enough for play dates,\u00e2\u20ac\u009d or, \u00e2\u20ac\u0153I don\u00e2\u20ac\u2122t care if your friends can stay out until 9. It\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s not safe out there,\u00e2\u20ac\u009d or in the parent\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s intake of anxious breath every time the child goes down the slide or falls and bruises a\u00c2\u00a0knee.<\/p>\n

Repeated exposure to parental expressions of anxiety teaches children to expect that they\u00c2\u00a0will be vulnerable in a risky world. These lessons are not simply intellectual. They are emotional communications which often have an unconscious component: the lesson to be learned is transmitted and received unconsciously. It is a very powerful communication.<\/p>\n

[fat_widget_anxiety_right]<\/p>\n

The Inability to Self-Soothe<\/h2>\n

When parental anxiety is communicated, consciously<\/a> or unconsciously<\/a>, the child\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s defenses are put on high alert. If parents are overwhelmed by their own anxieties and can\u00e2\u20ac\u2122t soothe themselves, it can be difficult to calm and reassure their children. Without an experience of being calmed as infants, children may not develop an ability to self-soothe. They may develop anxiety, which paradoxically functions as a signal that they are in protective mode. It\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s as if the anxiety is evidence of vigilance toward pending danger and thus has a calming influence.<\/p>\n

It would be risky to let go of this essential feeling by using rational thoughts to challenge the basis of the anxiety. Instead, anxiety can be put on temporary hold with behavioral distractions that anesthetize against anxiety but don\u00e2\u20ac\u2122t alleviate the feelings.<\/p>\n

The Intergenerational Transmission of Anxiety<\/h2>\n

Kate initially came to see me two years ago because she was unhappy with her work life. She is a painter with a master\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s degree in fine arts working as an administrator in an art gallery. She was doing little painting, hated her work, and felt clueless about what she wanted to do with herself professionally. She was married with a 17-year-old daughter.<\/p>\n

Through our work, we learned about Kate\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s lack of belief in her ability to be a good painter and her intense anxiety about showing her work publicly. She described a history of feeling tortured when she painted and had anxiety attacks when she had to submit work to her professors. She acknowledged that even though she won several prizes for her art and was considered very talented by the faculty, \u00e2\u20ac\u0153Putting my work out there feels like I\u00e2\u20ac\u2122m walking naked in the streets where everyone can see my private parts.\u00e2\u20ac\u009d She never was able to initiate the showing of her work and became filled with dread the few times she was persuaded to allow her work to be seen in public.<\/p>\n

Talking in therapy<\/a> helped Kate to paint more at her small studio at home. She began to allow herself to enjoy the experience after she learned to slow down her anxious feelings and use her thoughts to calm herself. But she was clear that she thought it best to leave painting to her personal enjoyment and figure out what else she could do with her life. As we began to look further at Kate\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s history, her narrative revealed her to be a person with intense anxiety about almost everything in her life:<\/p>\n

\u00e2\u20ac\u0153I\u00e2\u20ac\u2122ve always had terrible separation anxiety. I went away to college, but it was less than two hours from home. I drank a lot and smoked pot from late middle school until midway through college. I over-ate, I still do. I know I\u00e2\u20ac\u2122ve used these things to get rid of my feelings. I think when I started to paint and could get into a kind of Zen place and not worry about any audience, it calmed me down. That\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s what probably helped with my drinking and pot smoking. But as soon as my painting was up for judgment, I would freak out. Sometimes I would skip classes or feel sick and go home for days.\u00e2\u20ac\u009d<\/p>\n

I asked how her parents dealt with her anxiety and her homecoming. Laughing ruefully, she told me, \u00e2\u20ac\u0153They didn\u00e2\u20ac\u2122t have a clue what to do. I made them, especially my mother, very anxious. She always seemed so agitated when I was conflicted and anxious. It was as if she didn\u00e2\u20ac\u2122t want to address my issues because she didn\u00e2\u20ac\u2122t know what to do, and that made her a ball of anxiety. I would feel so helpless and angry, and I think she did, too. I soon learned not to come home when I was upset. That only made things worse.\u00e2\u20ac\u009d<\/p>\n

Then Kate went silent and became tearful. I waited as she slowly began to speak. \u00e2\u20ac\u0153You know, I\u00e2\u20ac\u2122ve talked mostly about me and my work life in my therapy with you,\u00e2\u20ac\u009d she said. \u00e2\u20ac\u0153I know that my anxious mother is not news to either of us and how much that has influenced me. But I\u00e2\u20ac\u2122ve been ashamed to bring up the fact I\u00e2\u20ac\u2122m just like her. My daughter Erica just turned 19. She\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s finishing her freshman year in college \u00e2\u20ac\u00a6\u00e2\u20ac\u009d<\/p>\n

Repeated exposure to parental expressions of anxiety teaches the child to expect that he or she will be vulnerable in a risky world. These lessons are not simply intellectual. They are emotional communications which often have an unconscious component: the lesson to be learned is transmitted and received unconsciously. It is a very powerful communication.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kate paused, then started to sob and shake. \u00e2\u20ac\u0153I see what\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s happening,\u00e2\u20ac\u009d she said. \u00e2\u20ac\u0153Erica is just like me\u00e2\u20ac\u201da ball of anxiety. She calls home a lot to talk to me, not her father. I know she can feel how anxious I am about her being away at school. I don\u00e2\u20ac\u2122t know if she\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s calling to reassure me that she\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s OK or to check in to see if I\u00e2\u20ac\u2122m OK. \u00e2\u20ac\u00a6 I\u00e2\u20ac\u2122m an awful mother. I know I don\u00e2\u20ac\u2122t help her and only make her more anxious. The problem is I really am scared for her. I didn\u00e2\u20ac\u2122t give her the tools to take care of her feelings. Like me, she doesn\u00e2\u20ac\u2122t know how to use her thoughts to find ways to counteract her anxious feelings. Worse is when she tells me her anxious feelings, I feel like the best I can do is not share my anxious feelings with her. I feel totally at a loss to offer any useful, thoughtful, soothing response.\u00e2\u20ac\u009d<\/p>\n

I was familiar with the phenomenon Kate was describing: the intergenerational transmission of anxiety. Like her mother and now her daughter, Kate\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s anxiety always lurks at the edge of her emotional life. It is on call to alert her to danger and can be summoned consciously and unconsciously to send out the signal to a loved one that he or she, too, must be vigilant. What else can a good mother do? How can she not warn her child of impending danger? Kate\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s mother couldn\u00e2\u20ac\u2122t contain her dread and needed Kate to feel it so she could become part of the team to defend against harm. Kate needed to be sure that Erica would be able to function in the world and protect herself from all the dreadful possibilities she was at risk of encountering. While often unconscious, it is a relief for an anxious mother to know that her child is on alert and aware of the many possible threats to her well-being.<\/p>\n

Unlike her mother, Kate had become aware of the disadvantages of being unable to manage anxiety. Her recognition that Erica\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s anxiety was intensified in the presence of her own strongly contributed to her wish to disrupt this harmful intergenerational cycle. Talking with me helped her use the rational thought that \u00e2\u20ac\u0153if I soothe myself and lessen my own anxiety, I will be better able to help Erica with hers.\u00e2\u20ac\u009d She was determined not to perpetuate the cycle of anxiety.<\/p>\n

Kate has begun to talk with Erica about what she has learned about the intergenerational transmission of anxiety. They have had some honest and painful discussions about the ways they each make the other anxious and have needed the other to mirror their anxiety so they could feel better. Erica has decided to begin her own therapy, and Kate continues to work with me on becoming more comfortable with all her feelings and the feelings she evokes in others. She is slowly developing a greater tolerance for her negative feelings and the negative responses she has been protecting herself from for so many years. When she experiences the anxieties of her mother and daughter, she has started to think thoughts that help her to remind herself that she is a separate person with her own feelings. She can say to herself, \u00e2\u20ac\u0153I\u00e2\u20ac\u2122m not the same as you. I see you are anxious and scared, but I don\u00e2\u20ac\u2122t have to be. These anxieties are not rational, and I don\u00e2\u20ac\u2122t have to be in that irrational-feeling space.\u00e2\u20ac\u009d<\/p>\n

This is hard work for Kate, but the strong wish for her daughter to be free from the same anxiety that has debilitated her is strong motivation<\/a> for Kate to continue her struggle for change.<\/p>\n

Note:<\/strong>\u00c2\u00a0To protect privacy, names in the preceding article have been changed and the dialogues described are a composite.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Parental anxiety can consciously or unconsciously contribute to anxious feelings in their children. Therapy is key to breaking this intergenerational cycle.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1777,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_crdt_document":"","_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[542],"tags":[183,31,393,450,25],"class_list":["post-30416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-featured-articles","tag-anxiety","tag-psychotherapy-practice","tag-family-problems","tag-individuation","tag-psychotherapy-issues"],"acf":{"author_show":false,"author_name":"","author_role":"","author_avatar":null,"author_profile_url":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30416","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1777"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30416"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30416\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30416"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30416"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.goodtherapy.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30416"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}